They are expressed as a fraction clear span in inches (L) over a given number. Maximum deflection limits are set by building codes. Only live loads are used to calculate design values for stiffness. In other words, how much a joist or rafter bends under the maximum expected load. Stiffness of structural members is limited by maximum allowable deflection. Perhaps the joists were strong enough if they didn’t break! But lack of stiffness leads to costly problems. For example, first-floor ceiling plaster would crack as occupants walked across a second-floor bedroom that was framed with bouncy floor joists. Strength and stiffness are equally important. Beams, studs, joists and rafters act as a structural skeleton and must be strong enough and stiff enough to resist these loads. The house acts as a structural system resisting dead loads (weight of materials), live loads (weights imposed by use and occupancy), like snow loads and wind loads. This article will focus on how simple beams like joists and rafters react to loading. If, when the loads of the house are combined, the house weighs more than the soil can support – the house will sink until it reaches a point at which the soil can support the load. Remember when your science teacher said: every action has an opposite and equal reaction? Well every building load has an equal “reaction load”. The structural goal of a house is to safely transfer building loads (weights) through the foundation to the supporting soil. A complete analysis of wood’s mechanical properties is complex, but understanding a few basics of lumber strength will allow you to size joists and rafters with the use of span tables. Wood is naturally engineered to serve as a structural material: The stem of a tree is fastened to the earth at its base (foundation), supports the weight of its branches (column) and bends as it is loaded by the wind (cantilever beam). Using span tables to size joists and rafters is a straight-forward process when you understand the structural principles that govern their use.
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I haven’t seen any compatibility problems with it, but just so you know, M$ has not enabled this by default… yet. I think WD needs to let users know of this problem and test it. A lot of folks may have to use the registry hack. I did the Group Policy on my Enterprise version of Windows 10. Try out a few tutorials about this: Here’s one: Long paths Group Policy and here’s an even better one with some explanation: Enable NTFS or Win32 long paths policy to remove the 255-260 characters limit in Windows 10 I tried this and it worked without a reboot: Yes, these problems can occur even while using the latest Windows Explorer or FAR in managing your files. But I found a simple solution for Windows 10 users. Long Path Tool is very useful if you are having problems in deleting, unlocking, copying and even renaming files that are considered filename too long by your system. That absurd extra deep path makes already long paths exceed the 20-year-old and well-known 260 character limit for pathnames in Windows. Overall, Long Path Fixer is a solid program it is useful, and it’s free. G:\WD Backup.swstor\Admin\ZLJjNvXiMzDaZjUyNDkgZW\Volume Simply right-click on the icon in the System Tray menu, and choose Keep in Explorer Context Menu. the BAD program takes these already deep folders and makes them deeper, under my WD Passport drive. A lot of old messages indicated that a portion of my User Profile might have had long, deep, directory structures. I am, unsure why I wasn’t notified that it was broken for many weeks.Īnyway, I tracked down the error. This is some hard to figure out backup software, I might add. I was not aware of my backups failing for a few MONTHS! Then when I needed an EXCEL file that I overwrote, it was unavailable in the backup. Here is a little hack for making WD backup to work when you are getting unknown errors. To die at the hands of the Minotaur would be one of the most terrible deaths imaginable, and King Minos believed that his enemies deserved to meet such a fate. Instead, he constructed a plan to imprison the Minotaur. They begged their ruler, King Minos, to order that the creature be killed, but the King decided against this. The people of the island of Crete were terrifi ed of the Minotaur it loved nothing more than to feast on human fl esh. On the island of Crete there lived a Minotaur, a ferocious creature that was half man and half bull. © Karen Moncrieffe and Brilliant Publications 2012This page may be photocopied for use by the purchasing institution only. He would build a pair of wings! It would take some time, days, weeks even, but he would build a pair of wings for his son and himself – If only he and his son could just fl y away … and then he had an idea which was both brilliant and ambitious. Daedalus stared up at the sky and the seagulls that circled overhead. They could not leave by ship all vessels were controlled by King Minos. But who would want to live like that – hiding away hoping they would not be captured? They needed to fi nd a way to leave the island, but how? They could not swim, the nearest land was too far away, and they would never make it. They could possibly survive for months or years without being seen. The trees and bushes surrounding the beach would provide an ideal sanctuary for the time being. After all, Daedalus had built the labyrinth and knew his way around! Once out of the labyrinth Deadulus and Icarus carefully made their way to the shore of the island and pondered on what to do next. Instead, unknown to the king, they escaped. The King expected that the inventor and his son would be found by the Minotaur and eaten. Now he had the perfect punishment for his enemies! Deciding he had no further use for Daedalus, the King threw him into the labyrinth along with his son Icarus. Anyone who was sent to the labyrinth would be trapped and eventually they would be found by the Minotaur who would eat them alive. Once the Minotaur was in the labyrinth the creature was unable to escape. Daedalus did as King Minos requested and then, following the King’s instructions, he enticed the Minotaur into the labyrinth by leaving a huge pile of fresh meat in its centre. He enlisted the help of Daedalus, a talented architect, inventor and craftsman, and asked him to build a labyrinth – a maze of passages that would be so complex that it would be virtually impossible for anyone (or anything) to ever fi nd a way out. The people of the island of Crete were terri fi ed of the Minotaur it loved nothing more than to feast on human fl esh. Daedalus and Icarus On the island of Crete there lived a Minotaur, a ferocious creature that was half man and half bull. Understanding Myths and Legends 17 © Karen Moncrieffe and Brilliant Publications 2012 This page may be photocopied for use by the purchasing institution only. Solitaire Spider Solitaire FreeCell Pyramid TriPeaks Mahjong Yahtzee Klondike All Games Resources. This means that it is easier to plan moves ahead in Golf Solitaire than it is in Tripeaks. Play over 500 of the best free online games. The more you are able to do in a row the higher each one scores. How to play: Tap or click cards that are one number higher or lower than the active card at the bottom of the screen. In Tripeaks only the free cards are face up. Tripeaks Castle is a castle themed Tripeaks Solitaire game featuring streaks, rounds and jokers. The card you tapped will now become the active card. Look for cards with a value one higher or lower than the active card and tap them. Tripeaks Solitaire (Game by Gaz Thomas) Tripeaks Solitaire is an extremely popular solitaire variant. How to play:Tap the deck at the bottom of the screen to reveal a new active card. Gameplay is exactly the same except that all of the cards on the tableau start off face up in Golf Solitaire. Traditional and new layouts using a 52 card deck. Action Games Adventure Games Arcade Games Board Games Browser Games Card Games Casino Games Casual Games Communication Educational Games Entertainment Popular Apps Puzzle Games Racing Games Role Playing Games Shopping Simulation Games Social Sports Games Strategy Games Trivia Games Word Games. Tripeaks Solitaire has very similar rules to Golf Solitaire. I have included a set of colored copies as well as a set of black and white worksheets for those who would like to save on ink. They will continue to read, stamp, and write the sight words until they have completed the worksheet. In the final box, your kids will write the sight word. Next, they will use letter stamps to spell the word in the middle box. Turn these worksheets into a book to give your child or students. To begin this sight word activity, your kids will read the first word in the box. Learning Resources Lacing Letters Uppercase and Lowercase (Love these for so many different uses!).We love using our All About Spelling Letter Magnets for this and absolutely LOVE the All About Spelling program. You can purchase the Letter Magnets separately or with the package. Print out the sheets double-sided on cardstock (65lb). Kids will have fun as they practice forming sentences and reading sight words with this sight word cut and paste activity using spring worksheets.This sight word books printable has a fun spring theme for kindergarten and first grade students during March, April, and May. You will use each of these items over and over during all my printable preschool activity packs. My readers can Try Amazon Prime for 30-Day using this Free Trial link.įor the alphabet letter box – you can find how to make an alphabet letter box here. What To Do: Download the free printable preschool/kindergarten sight word flashcards below. Starting with the high-frequency words first will help your student learn their sight words, which are common words that will show up in a variety of second-grade texts. One way to overcome this obstacle is to print out our sight words worksheets. We’ve also included a sight word list for second grade ordered by frequency. Here are some items that pair well with these activities. These sight words are taken from the Second Grade Dolch Sight Words 220 Word List. Please note that affiliate links are used in this post. If you install the Aero enabling stuff, Internet Explorer covers the face of each website with a black screen. They don't say anything, they just don't run. If you follow the prompts and don't install the Aero enabling stuff, the card games and Purble Place won't run. Open the one called autorun.inf using notepad and it tells you which file to execute.Ħ. The Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable Package is an essential component for running applications developed using Microsoft Visual C++ on Windows operating systems. The file extensions probably won't show unless you've enabled them in windows. Now double click the CD from step 2 - and for me, the CD opened, showing me the Guest Additions Installation files.ĥ. Click Vbox Devices menu and select Install Guest Additions - nothing happens right?!Ĥ. Then follow the instructions to install SP1. When youre ready to install SP1, run the. Select each of the download links and save them to your PC. Select the Download link that corresponds to your version of Windows 7. This should show your hard drive and an empty CD. Go to the Windows 7 Service Pack 1 download page on the Microsoft website. When all is started in safe mode open up Computer from the start menu. Restart windows 7 and immediately start pressing F8 over and over again like a maniac.Ģ. Www dot rawcomputing dot co dot uk /windows7 /win7tips19.html (I reformatted it to fool the system 'cause I'm a new member)ġ. Fine hardware configuration parameters are also available for adjustment.I found this site but here is my experience with applying what it said Before you start the installation, you should allocate some system resources to the new system - the maximum available amount of RAM and processor cores, as well as assign the maximum level of their loading. Installation is supported from optical disks as well as from external USB storage media or even from disk images. Virtual operating systems can be installed in exactly the same way as conventional operating systems. In addition, the physical and virtual operating systems use a single clipboard, which is also convenient for exchanging information. To interact with the network, the program creates its own network connection. You can use network shares to share files between "external" and "internal" operating systems. VirtualBox allows users to run multiple operating systems simultaneously, enhancing productivity and testing capabilities. VirtualBox is constantly evolving, with frequent product updates that bring new features and support to even more guest operating systems. However, this list is far from exhaustive. To download the files, select the platform and language you need, and then choose the Download button. The product supports a large number of guest operating systems, including the Windows family (NT 4.0, 2000, XP, Server 2003, Vista, Windows 7), DOS/Windows 3.x, Linux (2.4 and 2.6), Solaris and OpenSolaris, OS/2, and OpenBSD. The Redistributable is available in the my. Downloads section as Visual C++ Redistributable for Visual Studio 2019 (version 16.7). Nowadays VirtualBox can be run under most modern operating systems: Windows, Linux, Macintosh and Solaris. On the other hand, it is a free product that is freely distributed under the GNU General Public License. On the one hand, VirtualBox is an application with a huge list of features and high performance that is perfect for corporate use. To go directly to one of the versions, select one of these links: Windows 10 (Then select Download now. On that website, you can select a version of Windows and create your own installation media using either a USB flash drive or a DVD. VirtualBox is a powerful virtualization product for x86 and AMD64/Intel64 systems, perfect for both professional and home use. To create installation media, go to the software download website, where youll find step-by-step instructions. When you deliver everything that is required for the current phase of construction, you can't just continue with the delivery for the next construction stage. There are eleven steps to complete the construction. It took even our talented graphic designers multiple seasons to complete it, and they're using cheats to get all those resources and accelerate the process (how else did you think, we produce screenshots and trailers?). And this will take some time, as the creation of the rollercoaster is a long-term project, requiring a massive amount of resources that you will have to provide over time.ĭepending on your seasonal length settings, it will take several in-game years to complete the rollercoaster construction, as you have to harvest wood and produce a variety of goods step by step. Good news: you can ride it! But, you have to help finish it first. Deliver logs from harvested trees to the paper factory, the wood turner or the barrel factory and many other production plants. Obviously, we extended the core feature we introduced with Farming Simulator 22 by adding new goods to produce. That is also where all this new production chains come into play. There are boats to build and a rollercoaster to get rolling. Since you play a farmer, exceptionally involved in the community of Silverrun Forest, you get the opportunity to help the town to live up to its recreational potential. But, if you want to concentrate on the forestry aspect of farming, there's lots to do.
This requires an additional step which I'll describe here for a LaTeX document the analogous procedure is described for Mathematica on a separate page (that's where I initially discovered this trick then I adapted it in response to a question on the Mac OS X TeX mailing list).Īssume you have generated a file Myfile.pdf using pdflatex (or latex followed by dvipdf), then run the command It's useful only if you intend to embed your final Illustrator output as PDF or EPS into a LaTeX file, because if the original placed file is itself created with LaTeX then its fonts should cause no problems when fed back into a LaTeX in the form of an included graphic.Ī more useful and very reliable procedure is to strip off all embedded fonts from the document before opening in Illustrator. This only avoids the problem but doesn't solve it. The big advantage is that Illustrator now does not have to try and make all the fonts in that figure available via the Type tool, and there will thus be no font substitutions. Click this link to see what this looks like (for a multi-page PDF document, you get to choose which page to place). The difference to the Open action is that a placed file is not editable within Illustrator. from Illustrator's File menu to bring EPS or PDF files into a document. LaTeX and Mathematica font problems can be circumvented by using Place. To see how this output was supposed to look, refer to the fixed version below. The text is supposed to be a serif font, and the lines at the bottom are supposed to reproduce the greek alphabet. Below is an example of a page from a LaTeX font survey, read into Adobe Illustrator without any additional processing: LaTeX fonts are not displayed correctly (replaced by a "default font" which usually has no correspondence to the intended expression).I'll then give the quick fixes for these problems, followed by some more technical fixes that lead to more flexibility in manipulating the graphics object: Here is a list of issues with Adobe Illustrator on Mac OS X for whichįixes or workarounds are known. Since I can't change the software that's causing the trouble, all I can do is to classify the various combinations of circumstances under which the issues arises, and address solutions one by one. So what happens is that the user stumbles upon an issue and has to make some educated guesses as to what's wrong. The reason is that I am addressing issues related to a proprietary application (Illustrator) whose inner workings are not open to inspection. Sometimes it's good to go back to basics. I use this even for simple things like arrows etc.įor a quick, to-the-point introduction to Illustrator, check out this link it assumes a much older version of Illustrator, but this has the advantage that there isn't too much extra baggage dealing with advanced features introduced in later versions. Material directly from Illustrator into Keynote. Sufficient graphics editing capabilities for most people's taste, but it is straighforward to copy for use with Keynote, Apple's presentation software. Touching up images and plots produced by your favorite numerical code (including Mathematica etc.)įor publication: adding labels, legends, arrows etc.Ĭreating diagrams or graphics elements from scratch, e.g. Scenarios in which you may need a program like this are: In particular, I would strongly recommend looking into Inkscape as a free alternative, and a simple, browser-based relative of it, SVG-Edit (see the discusssion below). Scroll down to the endįor alternative (free) graphics programs. I've been running it since version 6 and therefore have gotten used to it. I'm not makingĪny statements about how or if this software is better than others - it's discussed here because Postsccript/EPS or PDF figures, e.g., for a scientific presentation or publication. Vector graphics program that comes in handy when you want to create or edit Feed Computer Modern Fonts to IllustratorĪdobe Illustrator (this page is mostly about CS 3 because that's the last version I bought) is a.This content has been moved to a separate page that deals specifically with Mathematica graphics. Mathematica-generated postscript/PDF is displayed with incorrect fonts.LaTeX fonts are not displayed correctly. If there are m groups being compared, then there are m−1 degrees of freedom associated with the factor of interest.If there are n total data points collected, then there are n−1 total degrees of freedom.Let's start with the degrees of freedom ( DF) column: Yikes, that looks overwhelming! Let's work our way through it entry by entry to see if we can make it all clear. Hover over the lightbulb for further explanation. With the column headings and row headings now defined, let's take a look at the individual entries inside a general one-factor ANOVA table: Total means "the total variation in the data from the grand mean" (that is, ignoring the factor of interest).Error means "the variability within the groups" or "unexplained random error." Sometimes, the row heading is labeled as Within to make it clear that the row concerns the variation within the groups.And, sometimes the row heading is labeled as Between to make it clear that the row concerns the variation between the groups. Sometimes, the factor is a treatment, and therefore the row heading is instead labeled as Treatment. In the learning example on the previous page, the factor was the method of learning. Factor means "the variability due to the factor of interest." In the tire example on the previous page, the factor was the brand of the tire.MS means "the mean sum of squares due to the source.".SS means "the sum of squares due to the source.".DF means "the degrees of freedom in the source.".In the learning study, the factor is the learning method. In the tire study, the factor is the brand of tire. The factor is the characteristic that defines the populations being compared. Source means "the source of the variation in the data." As we'll soon see, the possible choices for a one-factor study, such as the learning study, are Factor, Error, and Total.In working to digest what is all contained in an ANOVA table, let's start with the column headings: Hearing loss is measured using a chart called an audiogram, which plots a person’s hearing thresholds in each ear. Sound data sources: Noise Sources and Their Effects and Levels of Noise in Decibels. Found on the internet at As sound intensity increases, our ears become less sensitive to small changes. dB: What is a decibel? UNSW School of Physics. The larger the decibel, the more intense the sound. In contrast, a logarithmic scale is used to measure values based on human perception, which has a broad range of possible quantities, like power and intensity.īrightness and sound are both examples of values measured on the logarithmic scale. The two types of scales for measurement are linear and logarithmic.Ī linear scale is used for measuring the space between two points, like distance and length. Sound is measured in decibels, which are measured on a logarithmic scale. What Noises Cause Hearing Loss? Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Nov. Rather than setting a subjective standard (how loud a sound is to the subject), the objective nature of a decibel measurement, which measures how intense the sound energy is in a confined space, makes regulation significantly easier. Decibels are essential for setting guidelines and safety standards for sound exposure limitations. This is calculated relative to the threshold of human hearing, which is 0 decibels. What are decibels and why do they matter?Ī decibel is a measurement that expresses the relative intensity of a sound pressure level (SPL). Our Reviews Team assembled this guide to help you better understand decibels, the measurement of sound, and how sound impacts your hearing health. Regardless of your age or your degree of hearing loss, it’s important to limit excessive noise exposure and use protective equipment when you’re around loud sounds for extended periods of time. A Life Course Approach to Hearing Health. Preserving your hearing health is important for basic communication, balance, health, and even brain acuity. Whether the cause is genetic, age-related, or environmental, approximately 48 million Americans have some degree of hearing loss. Exposure to sounds at 120 decibels may cause discomfort, and 140 decibels is considered the threshold of pain.Sixty decibels is equal to the sound of normal conversation, 90 decibels is closer to a lawn mower or hair dryer, and 120 decibels is more like a siren on an emergency vehicle.Prolonged exposure to sounds louder than 85 decibels can damage your hearing.Sounds below 70 decibels are safe, while sounds above 70 decibels are harmful.Sound levels are most commonly measured in decibels (dB), which range from barely audible to loud enough to cause physical pain.Reviewed by: Kathleen Cameron, BSPharm, MPH, Senior Director, NCOA Center for Healthy Aging Key Takeaways |
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